How much do amd64 microarchitecture levels help in Go?
Daniel Lemire benchmarks GOAMD64 v1-v4 and finds clear v2/v3 wins but little v4 benefit.
Daniel Lemire tests Go’s GOAMD64 levels using Roaring Bitmaps on a modern Intel Xeon. v2 brings strong gains where popcnt matters, while v3 adds further speedups in dense bitmap and set-operation workloads through AVX2. v4, despite implying AVX-512 support, shows no meaningful improvement in these benchmarks, likely due to current Go compiler limitations.
這篇文章討論 Go 程式在 x86-64 平台上使用不同 amd64 微架構等級時，實際能獲得多少效能提升。Go 預設編譯目標是 GOAMD64=v1，也就是非常保守的 AMD64 基準，能讓產出的 binary 在幾乎所有 x64 處理器上執行，但也無法使用 2003 年後新增的許多 CPU 指令。amd64 微架構等級通常分為 v1 到 v4：v2 約略包含 popcnt、SSE4.2，v3 包含 AVX2，v4 包含部分 AVX-512。作者認為這套分級已稍微過時，因為近年的 CPU 還支援更多 AVX-512 子擴充，但 v4 並未涵蓋。
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